Russia is rich in mushroom places, one of which is the Omsk region. Mushrooms in the Omsk region will delight lovers of "quiet hunting" with their variety of species. Studying the map of the region will allow mushroom pickers from Omsk to gather a good harvest.
Mushrooms in the Omsk region
Features of the area
Omsk region is characterized by the following features:
- fertile soil is rich in humus;
- on its territory there are deciduous, coniferous forests, but not too dense;
- the abundance of heavy rains ensures constant soil moisture;
- a lot of sunlight.
Features of climate and nature affect the development and growth of different types of fungi.
Area Mushroom Map
The secrets of picking mushrooms in Omsk and the region can be learned by carefully studying the map of their growth, which is made by mushroom pickers with experience. It allows you to find and collect the desired species in a certain area of the region.
Mushrooms in the regions of the region
Depending on the site, different species grow in the Omsk region:
- russula: grow up in Pavlogradka;
- boletus: common in Pavlogradka, Gorkovsky, Omsk, Tarsky, Sedelnikovsky, Ust-Ishimsky, Znamensky regions;
- cowsheds (thin pig): grow in Pavlogradka, in Omsk, Poltava, Lyubinsky, Kormilovsky, Sedelnikovsky districts, Kalachinsk (gardens "Selena");
- White mushrooms: grow up in the Gorky, Kormilovsky, Muromtsevsky, Tarsky, Tevriz districts;
- boletus: common in Cherlak, Muromtsevsky district;
- champignons, honey mushrooms: they can be collected in the Omsk region;
- boletus: feel great in the Azov, Poltava, Ust-Ishim districts;
- milk mushrooms: common in the Muromtsevsky region.
Description of mushrooms
If there are heavy rains in the middle of summer, mushroom spots will replenish faster.
Boletus
The brown birch is a representative of the genus Obabok or Leccinum.
- Marsh boletus: it is better to collect in the northern region, they are common in the taiga, in the swamp area, in mixed or deciduous forests in July-September. The stem of the mushroom is very long and looks very disproportionate in relation to the cap. The hat is off-white. The color of the fruiting body is also almost white. The mushroom belongs to the 3rd category of edibility.
- Common boletus: common in forest-steppe zones, grows in birch forests, as well as deciduous and coniferous with an admixture of birch, where it forms a fungus root with birches. The flesh may turn slightly pink when cut. The color of the cap is in calm gray-brownish tones. Dark brown or black-brown scales are clearly visible on the white stalk.
By the way. For boletus, an inedible double is inherent - a gall mushroom or bitter mushroom, which is characterized by its inherent specific (bitter) pulp taste.
White mushroom
According to the description, the porcini mushroom is a representative of the Bolet or Borovik genus.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The white mushroom is considered the most nutritious among all known edible mushrooms. About two dozen of its forms are known, differing mainly in the color of the fruiting body and mycorrhizal confinement to one or another tree species. By the way. On the territory of the post-Soviet space, it has never been noted as forming mycorrhiza with larch.
This is a Holarctic species, i.e. a species inhabiting the floristic and zoogeographic region of the globe, which occupies most of the Northern Hemisphere. However, it is also known in the cultures of the corresponding tree species outside the Holarctic (for example, Australia, South America).
The collection is carried out in forest areas, where it forms a mushroom root with birch, pine. "Mushroom root" is a Russian-language version of the term "mycorrhiza", created on the basis of two words of the Greek language, which is a complex of the mycelium of the fungus and the roots of higher plants.
Oiler
Look for boletus in coniferous forests
Oily can grow on the territory of pine forests, a mushroom root with pine is formed.
Almost all mushroom pickers noticed that butter can be collected where coniferous trees grow. But, probably, no one paid attention to the fact that although these are representatives of conifers, they are different. Already in the middle of the twentieth century it became known that among the boletus one can distinguish species that form mycorrhiza only with Scots pine and species that like to live near larch.
Goat
Goats or laths, belong to the genus Butter, it is better to collect them in places where needles and mixed forests grow, form a fungus root with a pine, less often with a cedar. In young specimens, the flesh is dense, elastic with good taste, but for mature mushrooms it is characterized by some "rubberiness". Its color is different in different parts of the fruiting body of the fungus. So in the hat it is pale or light yellow, and in the leg - with a shade of red, brownish or brown. The flesh may turn slightly red or pink at the cut. It has practically no taste or is slightly sour, the smell is very expressionless. After heat treatment, it takes on a mauve shade.
Boletus
All types of aspen mushrooms, as well as boletus boletus, belong to the boletus. They received this name from the name of the genus Obabok or Leccinum. Here are some of them:
- Boletus yellow-brown: representatives of this species form mycorrhiza with birch and are found in damp places of both birch and mixed forests, where birch is found, also in pine forests, and sometimes fruit bodies can be found under fern leaves. Fruiting is solitary.
- Boletus red: it is better to collect in places where deciduous trees are common and in mixed forests under aspen trees, in rare cases - near birch and poplar.
Ginger, chanterelle, waves
- Ryzhik: belongs to the genus Millechnik, found in places where pines and firs grow. On the fruiting bodies of saffron milk caps, mushrooms of the brick-red Pekiella species parasitize. Growing up, they completely cover with their mycelium the lower surface of the cap - the hymenophore layer, as a result of which its plates stop soya normal development and functioning, i.e. dispute formation.
- Chanterelles: edible mushrooms, representatives of the genus Chanterelles, are common in mixed forests and areas with needles, form a fungus root with various trees. Their hymenophore is classified as a folded type, which sharply distinguishes these mushrooms. But they are habitually included in the group of lamellar mushrooms.
- Volnushka: belongs to the genus Mlechnik, forms a mushroom root with a birch. Most often, mushroom pickers collect species: pink and c. white.
Champignons, honey agarics, dung beetles, raincoats
- Champignon: belongs to the genus that has the same name - Champignon, grows in the grass on the edges. Edible types of champignons have always been a great addition and variety to the table.
- Dung beetle white: belongs to the genus Dung or Koprinus, suitable for eating only at a young age. Dung beetle is widespread in grass glades, where there is soil with humus.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The second name of the white dung beetle is "ink mushroom". The species received such an unusual name due to its amazing ability - "transformation" into a mass, somewhat reminiscent of ink. This happens as a result of autolysis or self-digestion. If we talk about dung beetles, then their and, accordingly, n. white can be called ephemeral mushrooms, because they grow and ripen extremely quickly. The life of small species can last for several hours, and for larger ones - 48 hours. By this time, the white cap of the dung beetle spreads into a black mass containing spores. The process of maturation of spores begins from the edges of the cap and from here the autolysis process begins, as a result of which the cap is "shortened" from the bottom up. Such an interesting phenomenon is associated with the fact that the caps of a number of coprinuses do not fully open, which, like the absence of narrowing of the plates at the edge, prevents the free abscission of spores. Therefore, the maturation of spores and their subsidence does not occur simultaneously, but begins from the edges (bottom) of the cap.
This is what suggests that only young mushrooms with white plates should be used for food.
- Autumn honey fungus: grows in forest areas, on tree roots, trunks, stumps. Autumn mildew rhizomorphs are clearly visible under the bark of the tree due to their specific black color.
- Raincoat: belongs to the genus Raincoat, suitable for feeding at a young age, common in grass meadows, meadows. Young raincoats have white flesh, the formation of spores has not yet started and this is what must be taken into account when collecting mushrooms. It is also important not to mix up real and fake raincoats when collecting.
These mushrooms are saprophytic, i.e. Inhabitants of places with well-fertilized organic matter of the soil or like autumn honeydew settle on dead tree trunks. At the same time, experts define autumn mushrooms as extremely dangerous parasites of trees, because their mycelium can also develop on the trunks of living woody plants, albeit weakened.
Flywheels, milk mushrooms
Fractured flywheel: grows in mixed forests or deciduous places. Green moss is a member of the Mokhovik genus and is common on forest edges.
Black milk: belongs to the genus Mlechnik, its collection is possible in the territories of mixed and deciduous forests, where they grow in large groups, form a mushroom root with a birch. The species got its name due to the color of the cap: it is dark olive in color, on the surface of which concentric dark zones can be noticeable. The species is characterized by the presence of white milky juice with a very pungent taste.
Real milk: grows in mixed forests, while forming mycorrhiza with birch. The raw milk is characterized by the smell of pulp, reminiscent of fruit and milky juice, which, upon contact with air, changes from white to a sulfur-yellow color.
Mushroom picking. Omsk July 2018.
How mushrooms are harvested and harvested in Siberia. Omsk region
Mushroom picking Omsk. July 2018 Porcini mushrooms and more.
Russula
The russules belong to the russula family and the genus with the same name - russula. grow in mixed forests and coniferous areas, form a fungus root with a variety of tree species. The edges of the open cap are often striped or ribbed - it is the hymenophore plates that can be seen through the thin pulp.
In the Omsk region by the fall there will be food russula, p. greenish, p. birch and others.
Conclusion
The map of mushroom places of the area will reveal the secrets of collecting different mushrooms only to a keen person. Its study today will allow mushroom pickers to decide on the desired species and go to a certain area of the region for the harvest.