Beekeeping beekeeping has been known since ancient times. Even in Russia, people discovered the unique taste and benefits of wild bee honey. Today, the craft of beekeeping is common in only a few regions where knowledge is passed down from generation to generation. You will learn about the advantages of beekeeping onboard and what is required for the manufacture of bead in the article.
What is on-board beekeeping?
Beekeeping is called beekeeping, in which bees are kept in a natural or artificially created hollow located at a height of at least 7 m. Inside the hollow, the bees create their honeycombs. Beekeepers, called stewards, climb a tree and get honey using special sticks.
You can find out more about the development of airline flight in our country by reading the history of the craft.
History
The history of beekeeping is rooted in ancient times. The first storages were people who extracted honey in the hollows of wild bees, thereby leaving them without food, which led to the death of the bee family.
Over time, the craft of beekeeping began to develop, and instead of dead bee colonies, new ones were artificially planted, thereby increasing the quality of honey by sifting out weak insects.
The decline of flight-control occurred in the late 18th century, when the number of trees decreased due to felling. Bees were domesticated and started to breed in ordinary apiaries.
Modernity
Today, beekeeping is not so widespread. Only people living in a wooded area are engaged in breeding bead bees.
The popularity of flight-staying has remained in Bashkiria. This is due to local fidelity to traditions, knowledge transfer and a large number of trees suitable for cultivation.
The work of a flight attendant today is more complicated than that of those who stood at the origins of the craft. Hollows in most cases are made artificially, bees require constant supervision and care.
Features of pilgrimage
There are several significant features of on-board beekeeping.
Characteristic
The modern side is a deck, hollow inside. A hole is left on the side, which is used to pump out honey. The bead is suspended on a tree, then the bees are hooked there.
To avoid swarming, the deck must be expanded, as bees tend to multiply intensively in a narrower space.
The value of the tiers in the deck
Of particular importance for keeping bees are tiers in the deck.
Their main characteristics:
- Sizes. The ideal option is 30 cm wide and high.
- Amount. You can create up to 5 tiers, depending on the total weight of the swarm. Most often, 3 tiers are left to bees, and 2 are used additionally to prevent swarming.
- Deck. The correct deck in which the nest for bees is arranged should be 1 m high and at least 500 cm in diameter.
- The value of the elements of the hollow. If 3 compartments are used. Bees live in the upper, honeycombs are arranged on average, and waste accumulates in the lower.
Terms of Reference
The main conditions for conducting on-board beekeeping are:
- The choice of place. It is best to choose a plot of forest where there are different types of honey plants. Cranberries, lingonberries, linden, blueberries, heather are suitable.
- Mastering the craft. The bortnik needs to be able to use tools for making the board and pumping honey. Have protective equipment in the form of special clothing and a mask. To be able to climb to great heights. For this, a safety cable, a belt for fastening, special shoes, a ladder are used. You need to know the features of the behavior of bees.
- The content of bees. Bees need care. In cold regions, the bead is insulated for the winter, the bees are left with enough food so that they can survive the winter.
In some regions, the bead is removed before hibernation, bees move to beehives, and honey is completely removed.
- Term of use. A correctly made board can last up to 10 years.
Honey is harvested in the autumn, when the first frost begins.
Wildlife Protection
You can protect the board from predators by making a special trap - a rope is attached to the bottom of the notch, on which a log is suspended.
If the bear wants to eat honey, he will have to push the log, which will then strike him. The predator will fight the log until it retreats. To enhance the effect, spikes or nails are driven into the log.
Pros and cons
There are several advantages of beekeeping on board over ordinary beekeeping:
- Bee family health. For the winter, bead bees are left in a nest with a supply of honey, which positively affects immunity. Bees in hives are usually given sugar syrup.
- Production of honeycombs. The bees themselves determine the size of the honeycombs in the hive. Usually they make them larger, which positively affects insects that grow larger.
- The number of bees. 3 times more bees are placed in the board than in the hive. Usually up to 20 thousand. Accordingly, they produce more honey and are less prone to swarming.
- Productivity From 1 side you can get about 2 buckets of honey, and with good flowering of melliferous plants - up to 50 kg.
- Saving. It takes less time and costs to care for the on-board bees.
But you should also pay attention to the disadvantages:
- Capricious bees. If the insects do not like the material from which the board is made, they can refuse to populate. Therefore, the choice of a tree must be approached especially responsibly.
- The probability of death of bees. During the collection of honey, when honeycombs are cut out and broken out, insects can be harmed.
- The independence of the bee family. The beekeeper has practically no control over them.
- The importance of skills. Craft requires good knowledge in the field of beekeeping and proper training.
Board making
You can make a side yourself if you use the above recommendations.
Materials and tools
What is required:
- Inventory. Must have an ax with a sharp blade and a chainsaw.
- Materials You should take a wooden deck of a suitable size. Ideal materials are clear, linden and oak. It will take clay and a piece of iron.
Step-by-step instruction
The sequence of manufacture of the side is as follows:
- Choose a tree. It should be high and healthy. Cut the deck at a height of about 5-7 m.
- The formation of the walls. To do this, use an ax or chainsaw. Select the insides of the tree. The thickness should not be less than 60 mm.
- Making a window. It is necessary to inspect the side and collect honey. Saw it with the end of a chainsaw, stepping back from the top about 30 cm. The width should be at least 6 cm. Top with maple blades and nail 2 covers - top and bottom.
- Creating a taphole. There are 2. They are formed at the bottom of each cover.
- Drying the side. This will take about 2 weeks.
- Strengthening tiers. They are made using special frames.
- Closing the side. From below it is clogged with boards, leaving a gap for departure. Warm with a piece of iron or roofing felt to protect the bees from rainfall.
- Creating ventilation. To do this, in the side you need to make several small holes.
- The placement of the side. Hanging a side on a tree is a laborious task. Usually it is heavy enough, so an assistant is required to bring the side to the tree and hang it above the ground. On 1 trunk, you can place up to 3 bee nests.
Features and value of bead honey
Features of bead honey are:
- Benefit. Bead honey contains more useful minerals and vitamins. It strengthens the immune system, contributes to the prevention and treatment of many diseases, including cardiovascular. It is widely used in alternative medicine. Honey has disinfecting properties, so it is recommended in the treatment of pneumonia, flu, tonsillitis.
- Specifications. The color of the product is mainly dark brown, with the aroma of linden. It is perfectly absorbed and has a pleasant, slightly tart, aftertaste. The honey is viscous, has an opaque, thick structure.
- Collection. Occurs exclusively by hand, without the use of mechanical means. That is why the quality of honey does not change.
- Storage. It should be carried out in utensils made from natural materials. Clay pots made from cedar barrels are best.
Nests of bees are usually located in ecologically clean areas, so honey is natural without harmful impurities.
Beekeeping beekeeping is a craft that requires special knowledge and skills. It is necessary to make a board correctly, place it on a tree and study the main features of the behavior of wild bees, their content. This is the only way to get truly high-quality and delicious honey.
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Russia. City: Dimitrovgrad
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