Garlic Komsomolets is a winter variety with excellent agrotechnical characteristics. The unpretentiousness of the culture in combination with winter planting allows you to get abundant garlic crops in the month of June and July. According to experts, Komsomolets is one of the best winter varieties.
The Komsomolets variety is particularly fertile.
Unpretentious, easy to care grade of Komsomolets garlic
Komsomolets is one of the best varieties of winter garlic
The origin of the "Komsomolets"
The history of the Komsomolets variety begins in the 60s. last century. Its creators - breeders from Voronezh, sought to create a particularly winter-hardy garlic specifically for the Central Black Earth region. The variety is considered officially bred and zoned since 1978. As a result of selection using local winter-hardy crops, an unpretentious winter garlic was obtained with the sonorous name for those times - “Komsomolets”. Over time, the variety from the Central Black Earth Region spread throughout Russia.
Description and characteristics of the variety
Description of the culture:
- Underground part. The head is large, flat-rounded, covered with dirty white scales. Inner flakes - coffee-purple hue. The teeth are sharp, with a rich garlic taste, without any aftertaste.
- Ground part. The dense stem consists of 8-9 green leaves with a waxy surface. The length of the leaves is up to 40 cm. The leaves are very juicy, tasteful.
- Inflorescences. The plant shoots arrows 80-120 cm long. At the top there are hundreds of small bulbs.
Agrotechnical characteristics of garlic Komsomolets:
Specifications | Parameters |
Ripening time | mid-season |
Vegetation period, days | 100-120 |
Head weight, g | 30-100 |
The number of teeth in the head, pcs. | 6-12 |
Productivity, kg / sq. m | 1,2-1,4 |
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Advantages of the Komsomolets variety:
- High frost resistance.
- Immunity to diseases, especially bacterial rot.
- Simple care.
- High yield.
- Good keeping quality.
- Delicious in any form - fresh and processed.
Disadvantages:
- Prone to shooting.
- Productivity is highly dependent on soil fertility.
Where to plant garlic?
The Komsomolets variety yields high yields under certain conditions. The following requirements are imposed on the seat:
- Good light. In partial shade, the heads grow medium-sized and contain few essential oils.
- Moderate humidity. With excessive moisture, the variety is sick. The site should not stagnate.
- Loose loamy or sandy loamy soils. The drainage properties of heavy soils are improved by adding peat or river sand.
- Fertility. This variety needs nutritious, well-fertilized soils. When digging, humus / compost and mineral fertilizers must be added.
- Compliance with crop rotation. Favorable predecessors - zucchini, cucumbers, cabbage, legumes. Adverse predecessors - onions, potatoes, tomatoes.
Rules and stages of landing
Garlic is planted in October, so that there is time for rooting before persistent frost. In the central regions, it is recommended to plant garlic in the second half of October. The exact landing time depends on the climatic features of the region and on the current weather. In regions with particularly cold winters, landings begin earlier - in the middle or end of September.
Landing Stages:
- Preparation of seed material. The yield of garlic depends on the quality of the seeds. Damaged and damaged specimens are discarded from the seed material. Be sure to disinfect the seed in solutions:
- salts;
- manganese;
- vitriol.
- Site preparation. Dig the soil, making compost and complex mineral fertilizers. If necessary - if the soil is heavy, add peat or sand.
- Planting cloves / bulbs. Planting pattern depends on the type of seed:
- Teeth Between adjacent teeth - 10 cm. Depth - 5-6 cm.
- Bulbs. Between adjacent bulbs - 6-8 cm. Depth - 2-3 cm.
The distance between the rows is the same for any breeding option - 25-35 cm. The planted material is lightly sprinkled with earth and rammed with your hands.
- Mulching. Immediately after planting, the beds are sprinkled with mulch - sawdust, peat, rotted manure. Mulch will help garlic survive the winter without loss.
Sprinkling the beds with mulch, you can not remember planting until spring - all other agricultural activities begin with its arrival.
How to care for garlic?
Features of caring for winter garlic Komsomolets:
- Watering. Irrigation should be moderate. Garlic is not poured, but not dried. A month before harvesting, watering is stopped.
- Loosening. Soil is gently loosened after watering, while removing weedy vegetation.
- Cutting arrows. To make the heads grow large, the arrows break off when they grow to 10-15 cm.
- Top dressing. Fertilizers are applied 2-3 times per season - during irrigation. The best fertilizer for garlic is Amofoska (15 g per 1 sq. M) or liquid mullein.
Breeding methods
Garlic propagated:
- The teeth. The distance between adjacent teeth is 10 cm. Planting depth is 4-6 cm. The distance between adjacent rows is 30-35 cm. When propagated by teeth, the crop is received next summer.
- Bulbs. These are aerial seeds growing on an arrow. This method of planting allows you to update the variety, since with constant reproduction by teeth, it gradually loses its advantages. For 1 square. m planted about 100 g of bulbs.
Given the fecundity of Komsomolets, onion reproduction looks particularly attractive. On each arrow grows several hundred air bulbs. It is enough to leave 5-6 shooters on the bed to get about 1000 units of seed. True, with this method of propagation, the crop has to wait two years - the next summer only onion-tooth bulbs are received, which again go to planting. And already from them grow large, high-quality heads of garlic from several teeth. The method is long, but inexpensive, and most importantly - the seed material is updated.
Pests and the fight against them
Garlic, being in itself a protector for many plants from diseases and pests, can also become a victim of insects, fungi and viruses.
Ways to control pests and diseases of garlic
Pests and diseases | Symptoms of lesion | How to fight? |
Aphid | Small insects form colonies on young leaves of garlic. Sucking juice from the leaves, deprives the plant of some nutrients. Affected shoots become shriveled and turn yellow. Spreading throughout the plant, cause its death. | Spray with a solution of ammonia. It is prepared from ammonia (50 ml) and grated laundry soap (50 g) - diluted in 10 liters. A simple soap solution is also suitable - a bar rubbed into shavings is dissolved in 5 liters of water. |
Stem nematode | It is difficult to notice the problem - white thin worms are very small - their length is only 1.5 mm. They feed on plant juices. The leaves curl, dry, the roots rot. |
|
Onion fly | In appearance, the pest is an ordinary fly, but smaller. The larvae of the fly spoil the cloves of garlic, gnawing their flesh. |
|
Fusarium | The leaves turn yellow, the bulbs become soft, the roots rot and die. The plant is easily removed from the soil. The second name is rot of the bottom of garlic. |
|
Rust | The formation of black and red dots on the leaves, with time spreading throughout the leaf plate. The plant stops development. |
|
Downy mildew | The stem turns yellow and deformed. Development is slowing down. | They are sprayed with fungicides - Tiram, Arcerida, Fentyuram. |
Cleaning and storage
Between the appearance of shoots of winter garlic and harvesting takes about 100 days. But this period can vary from 80 to 110 days, so experienced gardeners are guided not so much by the time as by the external characteristics of the plant.
Signs of readiness of garlic heads:
- most feathers are yellowed;
- the stem at the base was thinned and lay on the ground;
- all lower leaves turned yellow;
- seed capsules cracked;
- head scales became transparent
Features of harvesting winter garlic:
- Make sure that the garlic has ripened, focusing on external signs.
- Cleaning is best done on an early sunny morning.
- Spread the torn garlic on the ground - to dry out in the sun.
- Bring the garlic in a dry ventilated area - so that it is completely dry. You can also dry the crop under a canopy. Dewing lasts several weeks.
- Trim the dried shoots after they have completely dried.
- Dry garlic is sorted out, sorting heads with flaws. For storage, wrinkled garlic is not laid - it will not only deteriorate itself, but will also become a source of disease for healthy heads.
- Selected heads are placed in boxes or bags that are carried in the cellar.
- During the winter, garlic is ventilated - to prevent rot.
If the watering of the beds is stopped on time, and the harvesting time is correctly determined, then the sharpness, taste and aroma of garlic will be as close to perfection as possible. Overripe and unripe garlic is characterized by low taste characteristics.
If it is too early to start harvesting, then up to 20% of the crop will be lost during storage. If on the contrary tighten with the harvest, then during tearing / digging, overripe heads will fall apart, and then dry before the deadline, losing their presentation.
Garlic is removed by digging or manually - it depends on the type of soil:
- on chernozems and heavy loams, they dig a crop;
- on peaty and sandy loamy soils - they pull it out.
When choosing a cleaning method, soil density is taken into account. The main thing is that during harvesting the garlic heads are not damaged, do not crack. When creating favorable conditions, garlic is stored for 2-3 months - winter varieties are not stored for a long time. Therefore, they try to sell or process winter garlic immediately after harvesting.
Reviews about the grade "Komsomolets"
Winter Komsomolets garlic is very popular among gardeners. They fully appreciated the advantages of this unpretentious and productive variety.
Peresypko I.V., Moscow Region. We have been growing the Komsomolets variety for several years. The first time they planted half a bucket of garlic and immediately received a large crop. The heads always grow large, with a true garlic taste and smell. No special care is required - more time is left to worry about more capricious vegetable crops. Over the years of cultivation, it did not freeze even once.
Alevtina Ivanovna R., Voronezh region I read that garlic Komsomolets is very harvested. But it doesn’t grow particularly well in me - the soil is poor. To increase yields, I plant it after cabbage. I am satisfied with the taste qualities - ideal garlic for borsch and preparations.
Hide
Add your review
Garlic Komsomolets is a reliable high-yielding variety that will not freeze and will not leave gardeners without a crop. Without requiring special care, this winter crop allows you to get large heads of garlic with excellent presentation and excellent taste characteristics.
Posted by
12
Russia. City Novosibirsk
Publications: 276 Comments: 1