Cherry loves hot summers and does not tolerate dampness. That is why often there are problems when growing it in the middle lane. Today we will find out what types of cherries are recommended for the Moscow Region when they ripen, and how they differ from each other.
Early ripe varieties for the suburbs
The fruits of early varieties of cherries ripen in early July. Early cherries differ in taste, juiciness, appearance of the tree and fruits, and other characteristics.
Rebirth
The variety is distinguished by high immunity - this cherry is almost never sick. Abundantly and stably bears fruit. It grows on any soil. The first fruits - on the 4th year of planting. The variety, due to its high immunity, is popular in many regions of Russia. Recommended pollinators - Coral, Lyubskaya, Crystal. Productivity is high - up to 25 kg per tree.
Dark maroon cherries with small, well-separated seeds and excellent taste - they give the fruit 4.5 points out of 5. Berries are large, sweetish, juicy. Weight - from 2.5 to 3.5 g. Well transported - even when fully ripe. Commercial quality is excellent. Undemanding to care - water the tree only in early June and in drought.
Toy
This hybrid with large fruits was created on the basis of amateur cherries and cherries of the Sunny Ball variety. Recommended pollinators - cherry Samsonovka or Minx, cherries - Large-fruited, Valery Chkalov. The height of the hybrid is up to 7 m. The first fruits are in the 3rd year after planting. Harvest from a tree - up to 45 kg, maximum - 72 kg. Fruits up to 25 years.
The fruits are dark red, very large, weigh 7-9 g. They have a soft red pulp, the taste is sweet and sour. Estimated score is 4.5 out of 5. Fruits are eaten fresh, juices and wines are prepared. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. It tolerates frosts up to 25 ° С. In the conditions of the Moscow region it requires warming.
Memory of Yenikeyev
This self-fertile variety is considered mid-early. The tree reaches 3 m. 9-10 kg of berries are collected from the tree, with a maximum of 15 kg. Bear fruit from 3-4 years. The fruits ripen together.
Fruits of medium size, weight - 5 g. Oval berries are dark red in color. The taste is dessert, sweet and sour. It tolerates winter satisfactorily, drought resistance is moderate. The bones are large, oval in shape. Coccomycosis resistance is medium.
Rastorguevskaya
A variety of early-medium ripening. On one tree, 8-10 kg of cherries are harvested. The first fruits appear in the 3rd year. The variety is self-fertile. Harvests are friendly, plentiful, stable.
The cherries are round, dark red, weighing 4 g. The taste is sweet and sour, the rating is 4.4 points. The seeds are large, well behind the pulp. Relative resistance to coccomycosis. It is well restored after freezing.
Silvia
Early-ripening cultivar. From 1 ha - 460-660 c. From 1 tree - 12 kg. The plant is medium-sized, up to 3 m, the crown is sprawling, rounded. Self-fertility is high.
High resistance to coccomycosis. The berries are round-oval in shape, dark red, almost black. The berries are small. Weight - 2 g. The taste is sweet and sour, the purpose is universal. Winter hardiness is high. Poorly resists disease.
Crystal
Compactness is the main sign of this variety. It is also appreciated for its winter hardiness and high resistance to coccomycosis. The height of the tree is about 3 m. Nearby, it is recommended to plant varieties Lyubskaya or Coral. Fruiting - on the 4th year of planting.
Berries weigh 5-6 g. Ripening - beginning or mid-July, depending on the weather. Minus - low immunity to moniliosis.
Mid-season varieties
The ripening cherries fall on the very equator of summer. Having absorbed a maximum of solar heat, their fruits delight gardeners with the sweetness, juiciness and tenderness of the flesh.
Volochaevka
This variety is valuable for its resistance to moniliosis. For decades, this fungal disease has been haunting cherries in domestic gardens. Many gardeners even refuse cherries because of this scourge. Volochaevka is low - only 2-3 m. Fruits appear by 4-5 years of life. 10-15 kg of cherries grows on a tree, in the southern regions - 20 kg. Harvesting - July 20-25. Annually - a stable and plentiful crop.
The fruits are dark red, the taste is dominated by sweetness and a delicate, cherry flavor. Weight - 2.7-4.5 g. It tolerates frosts up to minus 30 ° С. In more severe frosts, kidneys may suffer. There is a risk of coccomycosis. The level of self-fertility is high - it can do without pollinators. Transportability is average. The fruits are tasty fresh, good in processing.
Moniliosis or fruit rot, is widespread in the suburbs, as well as throughout the temperate zone. The appearance of rot is provoked by cold and damp springs, characteristic of these latitudes.
Radonezh
This dessert variety gives 50-70 cc of cherries per 1 ha. Without pollinators, yield falls by 60-70%. Fruits in the 4th year after planting.
The fruits are dark red, of high quality - resilient, tasty, with an easily detachable seed. Weight - 4-5 g. Suitable for jams, juices, wines, liquors. Tasting score - 4.2. High immunity to coccomycosis and moniliosis. There is a risk of freezing of inflorescences.
Turgenevka (Turgenevskaya)
The variety is partially self-fertile. The height of the tree is up to 3.5 m. It gives fruits for the 4-5th year. From a tree collect up to 25 kg. Fruits a tree up to 25 years. Pollinators - Favorite, Youth, Lubskaya.
The berries are maroon, heart-shaped. Weight - 4-5 kg. The bones are small, well detachable. The taste is sweet and sour, ideal for cooking jams, making juices, compotes.
Bulatnikovskaya
A feature of this self-fertile variety is increased resistance to negative influences. The tree is bushy, up to 3 m high. It withstands extreme temperatures - from minus 40 ° С to + 50 ° С. One tree gives up to 15 kg of cherries.
Round dark red berries weigh about 3.5 g. Taste rating - 3.9 points. This is the main disadvantage of the variety - low taste characteristics.
Cinderella
This beautifully flowering variety bears fruit on the 20th of July. It does not need pollinators. Trees are winter-hardy, densely leafy, compact. Up to 15 kg of cherries ripen on one tree. The height of the tree is 1.5-2 m.
Dark red berries weigh about 4 g. The variety tolerates cold well and does not require antifungal treatment. The dense pulp tastes good.
Nurse
Self-barren, mid-season duke with very large fruits. Fruits in 3 years of age. Pollinators are needed. The tree is medium-sized.
The berries are dark cherry in color with sweet flesh. Weight - up to 8 g. Combines the taste of cherries and cherries. Taste and aroma are considered reference.
Spartanka
This self-infertile hybrid of cherries and cherries is bred for Siberia, therefore, in the Moscow region it feels excellent - it tolerates severe frosts well. It belongs to the mid-season category. The tree is medium-sized. Harvest - 10-15 kg per tree.
The fruits are rounded, red-cherry hue. Weight - 6-8 g. The fruits are large and sweet. This duke is unpretentious and resistant to disease.
Late cherries near Moscow
Cherry is a summer berry. All varieties of cherries, including late ripening, ripen in the summer. The late ripening dates in early August.
Apukhtinskaya
Apukhtinskaya cherry is well known to gardeners in central Russia. This is an old variety, the history of which is not fully known. Presumably, the variety comes from the village of Apukhtino (Tula region), and is a product of folk selection. Late variety, the fruits ripen in the second decade of August. Flowering - later than other cherries, so Apukhtinsky is not used as a pollinator for self-infertile varieties. The height of the tree is small - up to 3 m, it resembles a shrub in appearance.
Cherries are dark red, glossy, with a classic sour taste. Weight - 5 g. Slightly tart, with a pronounced cherry flavor. They are medium in size, with round-hearted drupes. Many believe that the fruits of the Apukhtinskaya cherry are not tasty enough, too sour. The taste of these cherries is greatly influenced by the growing conditions — climate, light exposure, soil quality, etc. Fruiting — 2-3 years after planting. After reaching 5 years, the tree gives 10-15 kg of cherries. The variety is winter-hardy and slightly ill. Suitable for any processing. Cons - deteriorates during transportation, starts up juice.
Robin
It has the status of a technical grade - the fruits are used to make jam, preserves, and other processed products. The height of the tree is 3-4 m. The minus of the Robin is self-fertility. Suitable pollinators are Shubinka, Lyubskaya, Vladimirskaya. Beginning of fruiting is the 3-5th year. The yield of this technical grade is 10-15 tons per 1 ha, from a tree - 15-16 kg.
The cherries are dark red, weighing 3-4 g. The seeds are quite large, but they are easily separated from the pulp. The taste is sweet and sour. The formation of berries occurs only on annual branches. Resists frosts up to minus 25 ° С. At extremely low temperatures, the kidneys freeze. Weak immunity against moniliosis, against coccomycosis - stronger.
Coral
A distinctive feature of the variety is the scarlet or coral color of the fruit. Due to late flowering, the buds do not freeze during spring frosts. Crops are high and stable - up to 70 kg per tree. Tree height - up to 3 m. Suitable pollinators - Gnome, Alatyrskaya.
Cherries are medium, weigh 4.5-5.5 g. Scarlet fruits have a typical cherry flavor. Plus - the taste of berries does not like the birds. Winter hardiness is high, and transportability is very low. Due to the inability to transport this variety is not grown for sale. The variety is resistant to coccomycosis.
Undersized
This category of varieties is convenient to maintain and harvest. Compact, small-sized trees reach a height of 1.5-2.5 m, not more.
Youth
This variety has increased frost resistance. He does not need pollinators, and his height does not exceed 2.5 m. The tree lives only 15-20 years. In appearance, it resembles a bush. Fruit buds only on annual branches. An adult tree gives up to 12 kg of cherries, from 1 ha - 8-10 tons.
Cherries are medium in size, maroon, weighing 4.5 g. They tolerate transportation well. The bones are small, easily detachable. The fruits are universal - they go for food and for processing. The variety is resistant to drought, but the immunity to moniliosis and coccomycosis is small - this is the main disadvantage of the variety Molodezhnaya.
Lyubskaya
This short, bushy and self-fertile cherry ripens in early August. Belongs to the category of technical grades. A compact tree grows up to 2-3 m in height. The variety is old, selection is folk. The second name is Lyubka. Gives fruit on the 3rd year after planting. 10-12 kg of cherries are harvested from the tree, the maximum yield is after 10 years, it reaches 55 kg.
The fruits are transported well. Cons - low frost resistance, low immunity to fungal infections and sour taste. The tree is very decorative, it is often used for landscaping. The fruits are dark red, with a thin and strong skin, weight - 4-5 g. Taste - sweet and sour. Excellent raw materials for jams, marmalades, wines, etc. The bone has a sharp peak. Bushes almost do not form shoots. It is considered an ideal grade for technical purposes. Minus - low resistance to fungal infections.
Chocolate girl
A low tree with a back pyramidal crown reaches 2-2.5 m in height. The first fruits are removed in the 4th-5th year. Collection from a tree - 11-12 kg. From 1 ha - 80-90 centners With intensive care - up to 200 kg / ha. Self-fertility is variable and depends on growing conditions.
The berries are flat-round, weighing 3-3.5 g. Ripening, acquire a dark red, almost black color. The fruits are brilliant, very juicy, with small, easily detached bones. The tasting score is low - 3.8-4. The purpose is universal - they eat fresh, dried, frozen, prepare liquors, boil jams. Winter hardiness and drought tolerance are high. Minus - the defeat of fungal infections.
Fairy
Self-fertile variety with early and early-middle ripening. A short tree up to 2.5 m high. The crown is lush, spherical. In the presence of pollinators, productivity increases by 50%. It is recommended to land nearby Turgenevka or Vladimirskaya. Harvest from a tree - 12 kg. From 1 ha - 80-85 centners Fruits in the 3rd year.
The color of the fruit is pink, the flesh is pink and yellow. The mass of fruits is 3-3.5 g. The taste is dessert. Tasting score - 4.3. It tolerates frosts up to minus 38 ° С. High resistance to fungal infections. Almost does not form root shoots.
Mtsenskaya
Mid-season technical grade. A tree with a spreading crown, up to 2 m high. Fruits in the 4th year. Productivity - 50-80 centners per 1 ha. Self-fertile.
Dark red rounded cherries weigh about 4 g. Tasting ball - 3.8. High crack resistance. Medium resistance to fungal diseases. Hardy and drought tolerant.
Frost
Low-growing self-infertile variety with medium maturity. Berries ripen in July - the exact timing depends on the weather. The height of the tree is up to 2.5 m. The plant has a wide, spherical crown. Fruits in the 3rd year of planting. Productivity - up to 60 centners per 1 ha.
Fruits are large, rounded, dark red, almost burgundy. Resistant to frost and drought. High immunity to coccomycosis. The best pollinators are Turgenevka, Vladimirskaya, Griot Michurinsky. Minus - low winter hardiness of flower buds.
Brunette
The height of the tree is 2-2.5 m. The crown is spreading type, spherical. Mid-season, highly productive variety. From 1 ha - 8-10 tons, from a tree - 10-12 kg.
The weight of berries is 3.5-3.8 g. Color - maroon, to black. Universal fruits with delicate, juicy pulp. The bones are easily separated from the pulp. Medium resistance to fungi. Minus - low winter hardiness of flower buds.
Assol
Unpretentious mid-season grade. Tree height up to 2 m. Self-fertility is high - pollinators are not required. From 3 years of age, fruiting begins. From 1 ha collect up to 70 c.
The berries are red, glossy, weighing 3-4 g. The taste combines sweetness and acid. Suitable for any workpiece. High resistance to scab and other diseases. Winter hardiness at minus 30 ° C.
Tamaris
Dwarf variety. The height of the plant is not more than 2.5 m. The tree has a spreading crown and a decorative look. The first berries appear on the 2-3rd year of fruiting. From 1 ha, they collect up to 80 centners of fruit, and one tree gives up to 10 kg or more - the variety is very responsive to care. The variety is mid-late. Berries ripen in late July or early August. Self-fertility is high, but pollinators - Lyubskaya, Turgenevka, Zhukovskaya are recommended to increase productivity.
The berries are glossy, dark red, weigh 4-5 g. The fruits have a good cherry flavor, but there are more sweets than acids. The tree lives up to 20 years. Greater resistance to coccomycosis, to moniliosis, the variety is less resistant. During transportation, the fruit may be damaged and let the juice flow.
Bystrynka
Low-growing variety with early ripening. The maximum height is 2.5 m. A tree with a spherical crown. Berries appear on the 4th year. From 1 ha collect up to 100 c.
The berries are oval, dark red, weight - 4 g. They have a juicy, aromatic pulp, its taste was rated at 4.3 points. Minus - a tendency to fungal diseases. The variety is used as an amateur and industrial culture. Frost resistance - medium.
Lighthouse
Bushy variety. The plant grows up to 2 m. Oblivost is low. Fruiting - in the 3rd year. Harvesting - from the end of July. Up to 15 kg of cherries are harvested from a tree. There are yields up to 25 kg. The variety belongs to centenarians - trees bear fruit up to 30 years. Partial autonomy.
The fruits are dark red, round, weight - 4-6 g. Tasting assessment - 4.5 points. Cons - the fruits crack, transportability is low. Frost resistance - up to minus 35 ° С. May be affected by fruit rot, coccomycosis.
Winter Pomegranate
This dwarf cherry has been bred recently. Belongs to self-pollinating varieties. Height - up to 1.8 m. The bush is compact, abundant fruiting. The first berries appear in the 3rd year. Harvest from a tree - up to 10 kg.
The taste of berries is excellent, sweet-sour. Weight - 3-4 g. The variety tolerates frosts - suitable for the northern regions. Frost resistance up to minus 45 ° С. The tree has a decorative appearance, resistant to disease.
In memory of Mashkin
Low-growing cherry with a spherical crown, a height of not more than 2.5 m. Fruits in the 3rd year after planting. Partial autonomy. Berry picking - 40-65 centners per 1 ha.
The berries are red, heart-shaped and rounded. Weight - up to 5 g. Tasting score - 4.6. The variety is relatively resistant to fungal diseases. Frost resistance of wood and buds is medium.
Saratov Baby
Low-growing mid-season hybrid obtained by mixing cherries with cherries. Often the variety is called just Baby. The first harvest is in the 3rd year. Crohn arcuate. The average yield is 15 kg per tree.
Cherries are dark red, very attractive in appearance, sweet and sour. The grade is resistant to frost. The tree is very decorative. Small bones are easily separable from the pulp. High resistance to fungi.
Dwarf shpanka
This is one of the varieties of the Shpanka variety - a hybrid of cherries and cherries. Shpanka is an old hybrid of folk selection. The height of the dwarf version of Shpanki is up to 3 m. Non-dwarf varieties of Shpanki reach 4-6 m. The variety needs pollinators.
Fruits are large - 5 g. The variety is tenacious and hardy, resistant to frost, fungus. Frost resistance - up to minus 35 ° С.
Griot of Moscow
A self-infertile variety ripening in the 20th of July. Pollinators - Pink or Vladimir bottle. The height of the tree with a spherical crown is up to 2.5 m. From 1 ha, up to 8 tons of berries are harvested. From a tree - up to 9 kg.
The berries are delicious, dark red. Weight - 3.5 g. In relation to fungal diseases, average resistance.
Duke is a hybrid berry culture obtained by crossing cherries and cherries. It was first bred in the 17th century, called May Duck. Now all cherries are called dukes.
Octave
The tree is stunted, the crown is compact, rounded. It is distinguished by decorativeness. Self-fertile, mid-season variety. Crops from 1 ha - up to 100 c.
The berries are dark cherry, until black. Weight - 4 g. The shape is rounded flat. The taste is good, the berries are sweet and juicy. The bones are small, get off easily. Average frost resistance. High resistance of the kidneys to frost. Immunity to fungal infections is moderate.
Features of growing cherries in the suburbs
Once in the gardens near Moscow there were a lot of cherries, and today this fruit tree is extremely difficult to grow due to fungal diseases. When choosing a variety for the suburbs, take into account, first of all, immunity to diseases and frost resistance. Varieties of cherries for the suburbs should be resistant to return frosts.
Factors affecting the choice of cherry varieties for growing in the suburbs:
- Climate. In the suburbs, frosts reach minus 35 ° C.
- Fruit tree diseases in the region. The most common are moniliosis and coccomycosis.
- Self-fertility. In cool and wet summers, bees stop working, so it is advantageous to plant self-fertile varieties in the Moscow Region that do not need third-party pollination.
- Productivity and characteristics of the fruit. The variety you like must correspond to the climate of the Moscow Region.
- Ripening dates. In the Central regions, varieties of all ripening periods are grown - early, middle and late. When choosing, it is more important to take into account the flowering period, rather than ripening. Preferred varieties that bloom after the threat of return frosts are mid-ripening and late.
- Tree height. Gardeners especially appreciate low-growing varieties - they are comfortable and decorative.
Varieties by criteria
Varieties of cherries are classified not only by maturity. Table 1 - varieties of especially sweet varieties of cherries for the Moscow region, their productivity and weight of fruits.
Table 1
Grade | Productivity, kg per tree | The weight of the fruit, g |
Bulatnikovskaya | 15 | 3,5 |
Volochaevka | 20 | 2,7-4,5 |
Winter Pomegranate | 10 | 3-4 |
Lighthouse | 15 | 4-6 |
Frost | 15 | 5 |
Octave | 16 | 4 |
Memory of Yenikeyev | 15 | 5 |
Saratov Baby | 15 | 4-5 |
Spartanka | 10-15 | 6-8 |
Tamaris | 10 | 4-5 |
Fairy | 12 | 3-3,5 |
Chocolate girl | 11-12 | 3-3,5 |
We also recommend reading an article on the best varieties of cherries.
Varieties of cherries for the Moscow region, classified by various categories - in table 2
Self-fertile varieties | Large-fruited varieties | Disease-resistant varieties | The most winter-hardy varieties |
Apukhtinkaya | Fairy | Fairy | Fairy |
Bulatnikovskaya | Dwarf shpanka | Bulatnikovskaya | Bulatnikovskaya |
Lyubskaya | Tamaris | Radonezh | Lyubskaya |
Volochaevka | Spartanka | Silvia | Robin |
Youth | Saratov Baby | Turgenevka | Turgenevka |
Radonezh | Frost | Frost | Youth |
Chocolate girl | Nurse | Volochaevka | Chocolate girl |
Table 4 - the most delicious varieties of cherries for the suburbs.
Table 4
Grade | Berry Weight, g | Taste | Tasting Point | Sugar content,% |
Memory of Yenikeyev | 4,5-5 | sweet, with a little acid | 4,8 | 10 |
Assol | 3-4 | sweet and sour | 4,7 | 10 |
Volochaevka | 2,7-4,5 | sweet and sour | 4,7 | 10 |
Chocolate girl | 3-3,5 | sweet and sour | 4,6 | 12 |
Despite the difficulty of growing cherries in a mid-range climate, local gardeners can get decent crops. When choosing a variety for the Moscow Region, in addition to the yield, size and taste of the fruit, it is important to take into account its winter hardiness, pollination methods, tree height and disease resistance.
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