Leningrad region is famous for a large number of mushroom places. Edible mushrooms are found here, which are suitable for preparing a wide variety of dishes. But mushroom pickers can also encounter poisonous or inedible mushrooms, which are dangerous for humans. Therefore, it is important to learn to distinguish such mushrooms in order to avoid trouble.
The beginning of the mushroom season in the Leningrad region
The first mushrooms of the Leningrad region appear in late April. Sure, it's morels. These mushrooms are not only attractive in appearance, but also unique in taste. Only mushrooms can compete with them.
In June, fresh butterflies and boletuses are found, who love to grow in birch groves. Butterflies are found in groups. In the second decade of June, white underpants appear. In July mushroom pickers can collect mushrooms, chanterelles and mushrooms. And in the middle of summer - Russula, which have a rich color palette. August is the most mushroom month during which white whales, honey agarics, chanterelles, porcini mushrooms, russula, and boletus are found in large numbers.
In the last month of summer, poisonous mushrooms — pale grebes and fly agarics — are actively growing in the Leningrad Region.
Mushroom places of the Leningrad region
A large number of mushrooms are harvested in the village of Sosnovo, which is located in the central part with mostly coniferous forests. Various types of mushrooms are found there, but chanterelles, yellow and red russula, black breasts and bitter plants grow in larger volumes.
No fewer copies are found in the village of Snegirevka in coniferous forests. They also collect boletus, chanterelles, mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, russula, podgruzki.
Edible mushrooms
There are a lot of edible mushrooms in the Leningrad Region. Some of them grow to the very frosts. The following species are considered to be common edible mushrooms in the region.
Ryadovki
Description. A distinctive feature of mushrooms is various forms of hats. They find mushrooms with a cone-shaped and spherical hat, there are rows with a bell-shaped hat, the diameter of which varies from 3 to 20 cm. The hat is located on a club-shaped, straight or cylindrical leg up to 10 cm high.
Doubles. Often, through negligence, the row is confused with a poisonous analogue, the distinguishing characteristic of which is an open hat with the edges bent down.
Varieties. The rowers have several varieties: with a purple leg and purple. The main differences are various shades of legs and hats.
Where does it occur and when? Ordinary grows, usually under a pine tree, extremely rarely, these mushrooms grow near spruce, fir, larch. Grow in groups or singly. Mushrooms are sent in August. The collection season lasts until the end of September.
Raincoat
Description. Spherical or pear-like mushroom, which has a closed structure. The young mushroom attracts with a dense and elastic flesh of white color. The peel of the fruiting body is dense, most often with spikes. As it ripens, the mushroom acquires dark shades, forming chambers inside, inside of which spores are contained.
Doubles. The false raincoat is a double of the edible raincoat. The inedible species also has a spherical shape, but the flesh is harder.
Varieties. Mushroom pickers can stumble upon a giant raincoat, which reaches up to 50 cm wide, and its weight reaches up to 7 kg. As soon as it appears, has a white or gray tint, it becomes brown as it ripens.
Pear-shaped white studded raincoats, growing in groups in pine forests, are also collected.
Where does it occur and when? Harvesting occurs in late summer and autumn. They are looking for mushrooms in mixed and coniferous forests. Found in meadows, along roads, on lawns.
Look for a full description of the raincoat mushroom in this article.
Russula
Description. Among the variety of russula, there are species that are similar in structure and appearance. In russula, the hat resembles the hemisphere. As the hat ages, it becomes outstretched and flat, extremely rare - funnel-shaped with the edges turned up. Diameter - up to 15 cm. These mushrooms have white or slightly yellowish legs with a cylindrical shape.
Doubles. Russula is confused with pale toadstools, which have similar external characteristics.
Varieties. Common types of russula are considered to be common varieties:
- Red. Inedible mushroom, which has a hemispherical, slightly convex, outstretched or indented hat of a bloody hue. The mushroom's leg is cylindrical and brittle, more often white, less often pinkish at the base.
- Yellow. Hemispherical hat, 5-10 cm in diameter. They are looking for mushrooms in forests, birch and pine groves from July to October.
- Blue The mushroom grows in coniferous forests. The main difference is a bluish hat, 3-10 cm in diameter on a low leg - 3-5 cm in height.
- Green The shape of the hat is flat-convex, the color is yellowish-green. Mushroom grows in coniferous and deciduous forests.
Inedible kind of russula red
Yellow russula
Russula blue
Russula green
Where does it occur and when? Russula - mushrooms, breaking through the ground at the end of spring. They are found in coniferous and deciduous forests, a city park or near rivers. They grow until the beginning of September.
White mushroom (boletus)
Description. A convex hat of a light brown or burgundy color is located on a barrel-shaped thick leg, stretching into the growth process. The diameter of the hat is 7-30 cm, the height of the mushroom is up to 25 cm. The pulp of the cep is juicy and fleshy.
Doubles. The satanic mushroom is strikingly similar to the cep, just like the inedible bile mushroom.
Varieties. White mushroom has several varieties:
- Pine. Bright hat up to 20 cm in diameter. In a mature specimen, the hue of the hat becomes dark red. They grow in sunny meadows in coniferous forests.
- Oak. Large hat up to 30 cm in diameter. It grows not only under oaks, but also under chestnuts, lindens and hornbeams in deciduous forests. Attracts with a pronounced aroma.
- Birch. Grows in groups or singly at the edges, along the roads. A distinctive feature is the yellow, sometimes white shade of the hat, up to 15 cm in diameter.
Boletus edulis pine
White mushroom oak
Birch cep
Where does it occur and when? White mushroom grows in mixed forests, preferring sandy loam, sandy and loamy soils. They grow even more often under pines, oaks and birches. Harvested from June to September. Mushroom pickers can go for mushrooms to the village of Alekhovschina, located in the central part of the district on the Oyat River in the Leningrad Region.
Wake
Description. Volnushka - a mushroom that stands out from the group of its counterparts in large size and attractive appearance. Young mushrooms have a pink convex hat. Over time, it becomes denser, forming a small depression in the center. The hats are tucked at the bottom edge with a slight edge.
Doubles. The milkman has a pink hat, which is often confused with trevushki. But the waves on the hat have an edge, which is absent in the milkmen.
Varieties. In the Leningrad region there are such varieties of waves:
- Pink. Conditionally edible mushroom, which requires careful heat treatment before consumption. It grows in shaded places with moist marshy soil and a large amount of moss. Has a pink hat, up to 12 cm in diameter.
- White. Conditionally edible mushroom growing in symbiosis with birch in open glades from August to September. The funnel-shaped hat is up to 8 cm in diameter, located on a cylindrical leg up to 4 cm in height.
Conditionally edible fungus pink throat
Conditionally edible fungus
Where does it occur and when? Mushrooms are found from August to September in mixed forests, birch groves.
Ginger
Description. The mushroom has an orange or light yellow hat. Very rarely found mushrooms with a red or blue-green tint. The hat has a round shape, its diameter varies from 5 to 18 cm. The hollow leg reaches a height of up to 9 cm.
Doubles. Pink mushrooms and fragrant milky milk are ranked as false saffron mushrooms - outwardly these mushrooms are similar to some varieties of saffron milk mushrooms.
Where does it occur and when? Gingerbread in the Leningrad region grow in Kingisepp district in the village of May Day. Also, in search of mushrooms, they go to the settlements: Konnovo, Sala, Weimarn and Tykopis. Mushrooms prefer conifers, grow near larch or pine from early June to late October.
Dummies
Description. A mushroom, the hallmark of which is a bell-shaped hat, 5-10 cm in diameter. The height of the fungus reaches 5-20 cm. The pulp of the fungus is fibrous. It has a hollow leg inside, both thin and fragile. On the surface of the cap there are scales.
Doubles. The gray dung beetle is confused with the inedible analogue - dung beetle. An ordinary dung beetle is similar to a dunce dimming.
Varieties. There are such varieties of mushroom:
- Gray. Gray hat with a dark seal in the center. There are dark scales on the surface of a bell-shaped hat, with a diameter of up to 10 cm.
- White. Hat with snow-white scales. Diameter - 7-10 cm. Mushroom height - over 15 cm.
- Ordinary. Young mushrooms have a cylindrical hat with white scales. As they mature, the hat takes the form of a bell, up to 3 cm in diameter. Ripening becomes black.
Gray dung mushroom
White dung mushroom
Common dung mushroom
Where does it occur and when? A mushroom dung beetle is found in city parks, on stumps, near rotting trees and not far from apartment buildings. The specimen prefers fertilized soils rich in plant remains, therefore, it grows directly in the beds or garbage dumps.
Gruzdy
Description. Mushrooms are a unique type of mushroom that grows in groups. Initially, they have a flat-convex hat, which, as it ripens, acquires a funnel-shaped shape, reaching 5-20 cm in diameter. A hat is located on a leg up to 7 cm high.
Doubles. Edible mushrooms (real or white mushrooms) are often confused with conditionally edible mushrooms: gray-lilac, pepper, gray-pink, felt, gray, parchment, oak.
Varieties. In the Leningrad Region, they find a black lump - conditionally edible mushroom, whose leg reaches up to 8 cm in height and up to 3 cm in diameter. The funnel-shaped hat with the edges turned upward, up to 15 cm in diameter, can be covered with adhesive film. Color varies from dark olive to deep brown. A real breast has a white hat, and it is considered edible.
Where does it occur and when? Go to the mixed forests and coniferous forests for mushrooms - they grow near birch forests, on clearings, edges and glades. The collection season begins in June and ends by the end of September.
Boletus
Description. At a young age, aspen trees differ in a hemispherical hat, which eventually becomes pillow-shaped, reaching from 5 to 30 cm in diameter. The hat is located on the club-shaped leg, up to 22 cm high. Brownish or black scales are found on the surface of the leg.
Doubles. The edible boletus externally resembles a bile fungus (false boletus).
Varieties. White boletus, oak, pine and red species grows in the Leningrad Region.
Boletus white
Oak boletus
Boletus pine
Red boletus
Where does it occur and when? Boletus mushrooms are collected from the end of June until October, going to Mshinsk, Losevo, Cannellarvi, Priozersk, Sosnovo, Gorkovsky, Kuznechnoe, Roshchino, Vyritsa - mushroom places in the Leningrad Region. It is best to look for fruiting bodies under poplars, pines, oaks, beeches, willows, birches, firs.
Boletus
Description. At a young age, wild boletus prevails with a white hat, which eventually acquires dark brown hues. The diameter of the cap is 18 cm. The leg of the mushroom has a cylindrical shape, white or gray. On the surface of the legs, longitudinal dark gray scales are visible.
Doubles. Edible boletus is confused with its false counterpart, which has a white-gray hat and a gray, pockmarked leg.
Varieties. Common species that are often found are marsh boletus with a light gray or light brown hat and common boletus with a uniform reddish color of the hat.
Marsh birch bark
Common boletus
Where does it occur and when? A rich harvest of brown boletus is waiting for mushroom pickers in the Leningrad region in Kirillovsky, on the way to Kamenka and in the surrounding territories of the village of Yagodnoye. They begin to ripen when the bird cherry blossoms, the harvest season ends in mid-October.
Umbrellas
Description. A whitish hemispherical or ovoid hat, with a diameter of 35 cm. As it grows, the peel of the cap begins to crack, forming small scales on the surface. Leg length reaches up to 40 cm.
Doubles. Umbrellas are similar in appearance to dark brown chlorophyllum and smelly fly agaric.
Varieties. Umbrella mushrooms found in the Leningrad region:
- Blushing. Edible mushroom of gray or beige color. If you press on the mushroom, it becomes reddish-brown. In youth, the hat has tucked edges; with age, they straighten and become cracked.
- White (field). Edible white-gray mushroom with hanging flakes on the edge of the hat. The diameter of the cap reaches 5-10 cm.
Mushroom umbrella blushing
Mushroom umbrella white
Where does it occur and when? Umbrellas are found in the forest in open, well-lit areas. They are found in the steppes, in meadows and fringes from the middle of the first summer month until the beginning of the last month of autumn.
Slingshots
Description. Slingshots are unique mushrooms in which fruiting bodies have a fleshy consistency, do not have a hat and a leg. There are subulate, club-shaped and coral-branched mushrooms, white with a yellowish tinge. Grows vertically branched tubules.
Varieties. Find such types of horsetails:
- Pistillate. Mace-shaped fruit body. Height reaches up to 15 cm. White secreted spores.
- Truncated. A club-shaped mushroom with an enlarged and thickened apex. A dark orange hue prevails. It is odorless, tastes sweetish.
- Reed. Vertical linguistic form. Height - up to 13 cm. Surface - smooth and dry. The shade is soft cream.
Pestle horned mushroom
Truncated hornet
Mushroom hornet reed
Where does it occur and when? Go for mushrooms at the end of August. They prefer to grow in cowberry glades, in moist coniferous forests, on moss, rotten fragments of trees or bark.
Flywheel
Description. Mushroom with a convex or semicircular hat with straight edges. As they mature, the shape of the cap becomes pillow-shaped, reaching up to 20 cm in diameter. Mushroom pickers also collect mosses of olive yellow, lemon and dark yellow hues.
Doubles. Outwardly similar pepper and bile fungus, because often they are confused.
Varieties. There is a chestnut flywheel, in which at first a convex, but in old age pillow-shaped form of a hat. The skin is velvety, cracking over time. The cap of the edible mushroom is dominated by a brown-red hue.
Where does it occur and when? Mushrooms grow individually, forming mycorrhiza with pine, linden, hornbeam, spruce, beech, chestnut, alder. Found in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests. In the Leningrad region, mushroom pickers can visit Sosnovo, where moss mushrooms are found in large quantities.
Butterflies
Description. The butterdish has a low cylindrical pedicle, up to 10 cm high. Young mushrooms stand out in a hemispherical or conical hat, and mature ones in a straightened pillow shape. The diameter of the cap is up to 15 cm.
Doubles. Outwardly edible oily fish are similar to pepper mushroom, which has a smooth, shiny, convex hat.
Varieties. Common edible varieties of butterfish are such mushrooms:
- Granular. Attracted by a cushioned red hat, which is slightly convex.
- Yellow-brown. Having broken a mushroom, a metallic or coniferous aroma is felt.
- Ordinary. There are yellow-brown, red-brown, brown-chocolate. The diameter of the legs is 4-12 cm, the height of the legs is 5-11 cm.
Granular butterflies
Yellow brown butterflies
Common butterflies
Where does it occur and when? The mushroom begins to grow from the beginning of summer until mid-October under birches and oaks. They grow near the village of Sinyavino under coniferous trees.
Flake
Description. The cylindrical leg of the mushroom and the bell-shaped or hemispherical hat are dotted with thick scales. At maturity, the hat has a flat-spread shape.
Doubles. They confuse a golden flake with an inedible ordinary flake, in which large flaked out bulges.
Varieties. Flakes are of several types:
- Golden Edible mushroom with a wide-bell or flat-round hat, 5-18 cm in diameter. Consume only mushroom caps.
- Ordinary. Conditionally edible mushroom with a convex hat in youth, convexly prostrate in maturity. The diameter of the cap is 6-10 cm. The mushroom tastes bitter, its flesh is hard.
Golden scale
Mushroom flake ordinary
Where does it occur and when? Mushroom pickers can go for flakes to places where there are birches, trunks and stumps of willow trees - they grow in large growths from July to October.
Chanterelles
Description. Chanterelles are dominated by concave hats with wavy edges. There are orange and yellowish specimens that smell like dried fruits. The diameter of the cap reaches 10 cm.
Doubles. Dangerous doubles of chanterelles is a poisonous olive olive omphaloth and orange talker.
Varieties. In the Leningrad Region, such varieties of foxes are found:
- Common. On the edges of the hat you can see yellowish outlines. The pulp of the mushroom is fleshy, soft.
- Gray. Edible mushroom, the hallmark of which is a hat with wavy edges and a recess in the middle.
Common chanterelle mushrooms
Gray chanterelle mushrooms
The chanterelle double is a poisonous olive olive omphaloth.
Orange talker (or false chanterelle) - inedible double mushroom
Where does it occur and when? Chanterelles grow in forests, especially conifers. Go for mushrooms in early spring. They are looking for mushrooms until the end of November in the forests around Vyritsa, where the road runs along the Oredezh River.
Oyster mushrooms
Description. Oyster mushroom has a juicy pulp, a pronounced mushroom aroma. The hat has a concave shape, light gray, very rarely a violet hue. A conical light leg holds the hat, with a diameter of up to 20 cm.
Doubles. Oyster mushroom is a mushroom that is almost impossible to confuse with poisonous. But mushroom pickers can accidentally put orange oyster mushroom in the basket, which is distinguished by a red hat - such a mushroom is very bitter, therefore it is undesirable to consume it.
Varieties. Most often they collect oyster mushroom ordinary.
Where does it occur and when? Mushrooms grow from September to December in places with birch, aspen, willow and pine. They prefer to grow on fallen trunks and old trees starting to rot.
Pipers
Description. Mushrooms with a grayish-brown or light brown round hat, which becomes riveted as it ripens. Pants consist of numerous branched legs with small white hats.
Doubles. The double of the fungus is a false tinder fungus, in which the fruit body is rounded in youth and hoof-like in maturity. Often the surface of the hat is matte and uneven, predominantly dark gray or black.
Varieties. Among tinder funders, the following types are considered common:
- Sulfur yellow. Yellow-orange fruiting bodies, up to 50 cm in diameter.
- Scaly. Open meaty hats, with a diameter of up to 30 cm.
- Winter. Flat-domed hat, hard leg. The hue of the hat is yellow-brown, the legs are gray-yellow.
- Umbrella. Collected in fruiting bodies. Hats are rounded, flat, slightly pressed in the center.
Tinder fungus sulfur yellow
Mushroom tinder fungus scaly
Mushroom tinder fungus winter
Mushroom tinder fungus
Where does it occur and when? Pipers grow from August to November, meeting in mixed forests. The optimal living conditions are tree trunks and stumps.
Mushrooms
Description. The honey agaric at a young age has a hemispherical hat with small scales, which becomes umbrella and smooth with age. Many honey mushrooms have a leg decorated with a skirt ring. Honey mushrooms with a leg from light honey to dark brown are found. A long, thin leg can reach up to 15 cm in height.
Doubles. A distinctive characteristic of false honey mushrooms are bright hats - orange, rusty or red-red. Hats of real edible mushrooms - brown or light beige.
Varieties. Honey mushrooms come in several varieties:
- Summer The young mushroom has a moist flesh, a pleasant taste. It smells like a living tree.
- Autumn. Fragrant, dense pulp. The diameter of the cap reaches up to 17 cm, the height of the legs - up to 10 cm.
- Winter. A hat of a brownish, yellowish or brownish-orange hue. Diameter - up to 10 cm.
Honey agaric
Autumn honey agaric
Winter honey agaric
Where does it meetme and when? Honey mushrooms grow in large numbers from May to the end of October. They are found near trees, in meadows and forest edges, also near shrubbery plants.
Duboviki
Description. No wonder that the name Dubovik came from the fact that the mushroom grows near oaks. The hue of the fruiting body varies from tan to taupe. Young mushrooms are distinguished by a large pillow-shaped hat. At maturity, the hat becomes spherical.
Doubles. Outwardly, the speckled oak tree looks like a poisonous satanic mushroom.
Varieties. A common variety of the fungus is the speckled oak with a large hat, which has a velvety structure, reaching up to 20 cm in diameter. In young mushrooms, the hat differs in the shape of the hemisphere; in maturity, it acquires a pillow-shaped appearance.
Where does it occur and when? They pick mushrooms from May to June, going to deciduous groves. Often oak trees grow near lindens.
Bittersweet
Description. Conditionally edible mushroom. At a young age, the mushroom has a bell-shaped hat, which, when ripe, becomes flat, reaching up to 18 cm in diameter. The old mushroom has a cone-shaped indentation in the center of the cap. A cylindrical leg up to 7 cm high is occasionally covered with a grayish fluff.
Doubles. Confuse the bitterness with an edible camphor slurry, characterized by the smell of dry roots, and with an orange slab, which has a red-orange hat and the same leg.
Where does it occur and when? Bitter grows singly or in families. The collection season lasts from June to October. It grows exclusively in birch groves, pine forests or coniferous forests. Prefers wetlands with wetlands. In search of mushrooms, they go to the Priozersky district in Sosnovo and the village of Snegirevka. Also, bitters are found in the Kirovsky district in the village of Sinyavino.
Scaly hedgehog
Description. In youth, the mushroom has a flat-convex hat, which then becomes concave in the middle, reaching up to 25 cm in diameter. On the surface of the cap there are tile-shaped lagging brown flakes. A cylindrical smooth leg up to 8 cm long is of the same color with a hat, sometimes with a purple hue.
Doubles. A scaly hedgehog is often confused with a rough hedgehog, which is slightly smaller and has a bitter aftertaste.
Where does it occur and when? The mushroom begins to grow from August to November in coniferous forests. Grows in groups on dry sandy soils. It grows in all forest zones, but not the same, sometimes absent in some places, and in some places forms circles.
More information about such a mushroom as a blackberry can be found here.
Polish mushroom
Description. In a Polish mushroom, a hat is hemispherical in youth, cushion-shaped, convex or flat-convex in maturity. In old age, the hat becomes flat, acquiring dark tones. The diameter of the cap varies from 3 to 20 cm. The height of the legs reaches 3-14 cm, the shape is cylindrical. When pressed on a light leg, it becomes bluish, then acquires a brownish tint.
Doubles. Occasionally, a Polish mushroom is confused with a porcini mushroom, which is similar in shape and color. But if you look closely, the cep has a lighter color and there is a characteristic mesh on the leg. Also a double is the inedible bile fungus, which has a grayish-pink tubular layer.
Where does it occur and when? The Polish mushroom grows already in July in mixed and coniferous forests. It grows singly or in small groups. Prefers acidic and sandy soils. They find it under older trees or at their bases. The collection season ends in November.
Kozlyak
Description. The young goat has a convex hat, which, at maturity, becomes flatter. The diameter of the cap is up to 10 cm. It happens to be reddish-ocher, reddish-brown, yellowish-brown, reddish-brown or light yellow in color with a brown tint. The cylindrical leg reaches 5-10 cm in height. Often curved.
Doubles. Goat is often confused with pepper mushroom, due to external similarities. But the goat is larger than pepper mushroom.
Where does it occur and when? The fungus grows in glades, in ravines, humid coniferous forests and along the edges of wetlands. Grows in small groups. They go for mushrooms in June to the Luga district of the village of Mshinskaya. Mushroom picking ends in October.
Mokruha
Description. Conditionally edible mushroom, the hallmark of which is the ability to form a wet, mucous film on the hat. Fruit bodies are always slippery to the touch.
Doubles. The advantage of this forest gift is that mokruha does not have inedible and poisonous counterparts. But outwardly similar to the edible wet dappled and wet purple.
Varieties. A popular variety of this fungus is spruce spruce with a grayish, bluish or dirty brown hat, which first has a convex, then prostrate shape. The hat is located on a high leg with a slight swelling in the middle. The leg is smooth and moist, below is bright yellow and whitish on top.
Where does it occur and when? Mushrooms grow singly or in small groups. Fruits from early July to the first frost. They grow in coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests, near moss.
Gigrofor late
Description. The cap of a young late hygrophor is flat or slightly convex, has tucked edges. In maturity, it acquires a funnel shape with a small tubercle in the center. It prevails a yellow-brown color, with an olive tint. The cylindrical leg reaches 10 cm in height. The diameter of the cap is 2-5 cm.
Doubles. The mushroom is rarely confused with the edible larch hygrophor, but it has a yellow hat and forms mycorrhiza with larch.
Where does it occur and when? They pick mushrooms in coniferous and mixed forests, near pines. Often grows in mosses. At a good time, bears fruit in large groups. The collection season begins in mid-September and lasts until the first snow.
Valui
Description. The mushroom has a high hat - up to 4 cm, diameter - up to 14 cm. There are specimens with a light brown hat, slippery surface, and the shape of the hemisphere. With age, the hat becomes flat or slightly concave. The leg is cylindrical, up to 15 cm in height. Her color is lighter than that of the upper part of the fruiting body.
Doubles. The fungus has no toxic doubles. But they confuse the mushroom with a false valu, which has a sharp unpleasant odor reminiscent of horseradish, for which it received its second name "horseradish mushroom."
Where does it occur and when? Valuy usually grows in dense forests with high humidity, under oaks, pines, birches. Mushroom picking time begins in mid-summer and lasts until early October.
Blackhead
Description. The young mushroom has a semicircular hat, which straightens over time, acquiring a pillow-shaped shape. An adult mushroom can grow up to 16 cm in diameter. The color is mostly black or dark brown. It predominates in a whitish, thick leg, which is completely strewn with black or black-brown scales.
Doubles. The blackhead does not have poisonous doubles, but it is confused with other varieties of boletus.
Where does it occur and when? Blackheads are found in mixed forests, usually on moist soil. Grow in large groups. They grow from August to the end of September on the outskirts of lakes and swamps. After rain, mushrooms are found on the edges and lawns, along forest roads. They grow on mosses and in dense grass.
Spider web
Description. Fruit bodies have various sizes. Hat-cutaneous mushrooms with cobwebby common and private bedspreads. There are cobwebs with a hemispherical, conical, flat or convex hat, sometimes with a pronounced tubercle or scaly surface. Color is yellow, brown, brown, purple, ocher, orange, dark red. The leg is cylindrical or club-shaped.
Doubles. Confused conditionally edible cobweb orange with a beautiful cobweb - deadly mushroom. He may have an orange-red, reddish or brown hat and a brown-orange dense leg.
Varieties. There are several varieties of cobwebs:
- Yellow. A hat with a diameter of up to 10 cm. Young mushrooms are distinguished by a hemispherical shape, which eventually becomes pillow-shaped. Yellow-orange hat and high leg - up to 12 cm.
- Orange. Conditionally edible mushroom with a light brown or yellow hat, 8 cm in diameter. Has a wavy, always wet surface. The leg is rounded, extended to the bottom, height - up to 10 cm.
Mushroom cobweb yellow
Orange Cobweb Mushroom
Beautiful cobweb - poisonous mushroom
Where does it occur and when? In May, they go for spider webs to deciduous and mixed forests, where it grows in groups in moss. Occasionally, solitary mushrooms are found near moist, wetlands. Mushroom picking lasts until late autumn.
Belyanki
Description. Belyanka (white wave) is dominated by an almost white or slightly flesh-colored hat, up to 6 cm in diameter. The young whitewash has a wet hat, its edges are bent downwards, and the adult mushroom has a dry surface and straightened edges. In the whitewashed on the hat are circular patterns. The taste of the mushrooms is bitter, the smell is pleasant, fresh.
Doubles. The whites are confused with the conditionally edible fungus - faded lactarius, which has external similarities.
Where does it occur and when? Belyanki are searched in birch groves or pine forests mixed with birch. Mushrooms prefer moist but well-lit edges and glades with young birches. They also grow in groups along the roads. The fruiting season begins in early August and lasts until the end of October.
Sarcoscifa
Description. The sarcosciffus attracts a glass- or cupped shape, reaching 1-5 cm in diameter. Outside and inside the mushroom is painted in a deep red hue. White caps wrapped inside the edge give the mushroom unique external qualities. The hat has a tight flesh and a delicate fleecy surface. The legs of the mushroom are whitish, reaching up to 3 cm in height and up to 6 mm in diameter.
Doubles. The sarcosciffus has no doubles.
Where does it occur and when? They are looking for a mushroom after the snow melts. He chooses for growth dry branches, tree roots and a fallen tree, which is covered with fertile soil or fallen leaves. Often found in large groups on woody remains covered with moss.As a rule, settles on willow, maple, oak and birch trees.
Poisonous and inedible mushrooms
When picking berries and mushrooms in the Leningrad Region, mushroom pickers encounter inedible and poisonous mushrooms that are similar in appearance to edible species. By chance, you can put such mushrooms in your basket. But to prevent this from happening, it is important to distinguish between “bad” mushrooms and “good” ones. Common inedible and poisonous mushrooms are the following species:
Fly agaric
Description. Poisonous fly agaric is characterized by a red, orange-red hat, up to 20 cm in diameter. There are white or yellowish wart spots on the surface of the cap. Young mushrooms have a spherical shape, as it ripens, it becomes flat. The height of the legs reaches 25 cm. Color - white with the presence of yellowish or white warts.
Who can be confused with? The red fly agaric has no doubles. Due to the remarkable external characteristics, the poisonous specimen cannot be confused with other mushrooms.
Varieties. Mushroom pickers often stumble upon a fly agaric, in which the hat has a whitish tint in youth, yellowish-green and even brownish in maturity. The flesh is lemon or white. The leg is thin, with cereal and a yellow-beige ring. Leg height - up to 12 cm.
Where does it grow and when? They are looking for red fly agaric from July to October in coniferous forests with acidic soil, less often under birch trees. As a rule, they grow near forest firs.
Lines
Description. A distinctive feature of the lines are hats that look like brain gyrus. At a young age, the cap of the mushroom is brown-chestnut; as it ripens, it is dark brown, up to 13 cm in diameter. The shape of the hat is uneven-round. The leg is white, gray, reddish, has a cylindrical shape.
Who can be confused with? An ordinary line has a poisonous analogue - an autumn line.
Varieties. They meet a giant line, which has a folded-wavy hat, up to 12 cm in diameter. In youth, the mushroom has a chocolate hat, eventually becomes ocher. The leg is short. Also a subspecies of an ordinary line is an autumn line with a brown folded hat in youth and black in maturity, up to 10 cm in diameter.
Where does it grow and when? They are looking for lines on clearings and places after conflagrations. They grow, as a rule, in coniferous forests, under birches or poplars. Autumn line grows in mixed and coniferous forests, giant - in deciduous and mixed forests.
How lines differ from morels - read here.
Entoloma spring
Description. Spring entoloma is a poisonous mushroom with a cone-shaped, half-spread hat, 2-5 cm in diameter. Usually in the center of the cap there is a characteristic tubercle. There are colors from gray-brown to black-brown, with an olive tint. The hat is located on the leg of the same or lighter color. Leg height - up to 8 cm.
Who can be confused with? Due to the early stages of fruiting, it is difficult to confuse the spring entoloma with other similar species. The fungus is secreted by pink spores.
Where does it grow and when? Spring entoloma grows on the forest edges. This mushroom is rarely found in coniferous forests on sandy soils. Season - from early to mid-May to mid to late June.
Gall mushroom
Description. The inedible bile fungus at a young age is characterized by a hemispherical hat, which at maturity becomes round and prostrate, reaching up to 15 cm in diameter. Mustard is from brown-yellow to light brown in color, prevailing in light tones that are characteristic of ceps. The leg of the bile fungus is cylindrical, swollen at the base, 3 to 13 cm high. The pulp is fibrous, odorless or with characteristic mushroom notes.
Who can be confused with? Mustard confused with porcini mushrooms. The edible counterparts of the bile fungus include brown boletus and boletus.
Where does it grow and when? Gall mushroom grows from the beginning of summer until October, meeting in coniferous and deciduous forests, on rotten stumps, in tree roots. Occasionally occur singly, more often grow in groups of 5-15 mushrooms.
Pig
Description. The poisonous pig looks outwardly like a cargo. Has a rounded or elongated-rounded hat, 12-15 cm in diameter. Mushroom is dangerous by the ability to accumulate poison - muscarine. The hat can be reddish brown, gray brown, yellowish brown or olive. It features a pale yellow flesh that darkens at a break or incision. The leg has the same shade, height - up to 9 cm.
Who can be confused with? Often, pigs are confused with buns and russula, due to external similarities.
Where does it grow and when? A pig grows from July to October, meeting more often in groups. Face a poisonous mushroom in the forests on twisted tree roots.
False Foam
Description. There are several varieties of inedible and poisonous false mushrooms - they are very similar in appearance. It is dangerous to stumble upon such a mushroom, since it contains poisonous milky juice. The surface of the hats is painted in bright colors. The skin is smooth to the touch. Differ in hollow, elongated legs.
Where does it grow and when? From the beginning of May to the end of October, pseudopods occur in deciduous forests in groups, settling both on decaying stumps and damaged, diseased trees. Most often they grow on a birch or linden.
Who can be confused with? They confuse a false honey agaric with an oak open air, an autumn open air, a summer open air or a meadow open air.
Death cap
Description. Pale toadstool is a poisonous mushroom whose attention is drawn to a flat or hemispherical hat with even edges. Its shade ranges from gray-green to olive. The diameter of the cap is 5-14 cm. A membranous ring is located on the upper part of the leg.
Who can be confused with? The poisonous mushroom looks like green russula or champignon.
Where does it grow and when? Pale grebe grows singly or in groups in almost any forest at the beginning of the summer period.
In the Leningrad region, a huge amount of edible and inedible mushrooms is collected, attracting amazing external characteristics and varieties. Many of them are outwardly similar to each other, but they also have characteristic differences that help not to collect dangerous mushrooms in a basket.
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Ukraine. City: Kryvyi Rih
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